Factors affecting adherence to hypertension medications in hypertensive patients attending to primary health care units in Bahrain.

Abstract

Adherence to antihypertensive medications is crucial for controlling hypertension and reducing cardiovascular disease risk. This study aimed to assess adherence and influencing factors among hypertensive patients in Bahrain. A cross-sectional study recruited 209 adults with diagnosed hypertension attending primary healthcare centers. Sociodemographic data, medical history, medication adherence using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), and attitudes towards hypertension medications were collected. Over half (54.1%) reported controlled blood pressure, and 80.4% reported good adherence by MMAS-8. Being younger, single, not regularly checking blood pressure, and lacking a family history of hypertension were associated with poorer adherence. Negative perceptions regarding seriousness of hypertension and the susceptibility to complications together with the necessity or effectiveness of medication were all linked to poorer adherence. This study provides insights into factors influencing medication adherence among hypertensive patients in Bahrain. While adherence rates appear high by self-report, further research using diverse methods is needed. Tailored education addressing concerns and emphasizing long-term benefits of medication adherence is recommended. Promoting regular blood pressure monitoring and simplifying medication regimens could also improve outcomes.