Mechanical-electric dual characteristics solid-liquid interfacing sensor for accurate liquid identification.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 40750767.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41467-025-62524-0 and PMC identifier 12316962.
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Abstract
The demand for portable and rapid identification of liquids has challenged traditional laboratory methods. Here, we propose a high-accuracy liquid identification strategy that integrates water droplet mechanics and solid-liquid interface contact electrification. By applying non-Hookean mechanical properties of droplets, we fabricate a lotus leaf-inspired ZnO-Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) superhydrophobic solid-liquid sensor. Based on the special mechanical-electric coupling interface, it achieves the highest droplet pressure sensitivity of 281 mV/Pa. We have made a breakthrough in detecting diverse solution composition with a high monitoring resolution of 5 nM metal ions and 0.1% of alcohol concentration. Through the design of double-stacked devices, triboelectric signals are able to be decoupled into mechanical and contact electrification dual-mode signals. With the integration of a gated recurrent unit (GRU) model, intelligent identification of ten liquids has reached an ultrahigh accuracy of 99%, opening up a pathway for portable liquid monitoring.