Disparities in access to systemic therapies for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: an analysis from the International Liver Cancer Association.

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide. It is often diagnosed at advanced stages, requiring systemic therapies like sorafenib, lenvatinib, atezolizumab-bevacizumab, and tremelimumab-durvalumab. However, disparities in access to systemic therapies for HCC remain a major global challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where high drug costs, regulatory delays, and limited healthcare infrastructure impede treatment. Drawing on international experience, we highlight the urgent need for coordinated advocacy and innovative programs-such as Project Orbis and expedited approval pathways-to improve drug availability. Multisectoral collaboration among patient groups, clinicians, policymakers, and industry is essential to ensure equitable access to life-saving therapies and to reduce the burden of HCC worldwide.