Cage Effect of Nitrogen Oxide Radicals Enables Li-NO<sub>x</sub> Cell with a 3.8 V Cell Voltage.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 40801218.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1002/adma.202511299 and PMC identifier 12574630.
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Abstract
The utilization of redox-active gas as cathode materials has been proposed as a promising approach to meet the demand for next-generation battery technologies. Toward this end, nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>)-inexpensive, abundant gases readily produced from ammonia on an industrial scale-is a promising energy storage media; however, its utilization as cathode material has not been achieved. In this work, the cage effect of NO and NO<sub>2</sub> radicals are utilized to stabilize the charge product of Li-NO<sub>x</sub> cell as N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. This cell operates via reversible redox of LiNO<sub>3</sub> to N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, achieving a specific capacity of 1,570 mA h g<sub>carbon</sub> <sup>-1</sup> or 25 mA h cm<sub>electrode</sub> <sup>-2</sup> at a full cell voltage of 3.85 V with an average energy efficiency of 89% at a current density up to 2 mA cm<sub>electrode</sub> <sup>-2</sup>. These metrics represent one of the highest areal capacity, current density, cell voltage, and energy efficiency reported for a metal-gas cells.