Adaptive and context-aware volumetric printing.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 40903601.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41586-025-09436-7 and PMC identifier 12408377.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
We introduce Generative, Adaptive, Context-Aware 3D Printing (GRACE), a new approach combining 3D imaging, computer vision and parametric modelling to create tailored, context-aware geometries using volumetric additive manufacturing. GRACE rapidly and automatically generates complex structures capable of conforming directly around features ranging from cellular to macroscopic scales with minimal user intervention. Here we demonstrate its versatility in applications ranging from synthetic objects to biofabrication, including adaptive vascular-like geometries around cell-laden bioinks, resulting in improved functionality. GRACE also enables precise alignment of sequential prints, as well as the detection and overprinting of opaque surfaces through shadow correction. Compatible with various printing modalities<sup>1-4</sup>, GRACE transcends traditional additive manufacturing limitations in automating overprinting and adapting the printed designs to the content of the printable material. This opens new possibilities in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Medical subject headings
- Printing, Three-Dimensional
- Tissue Engineering
- Bioprinting