Low-Voltage-Driven Nonvolatile Electrochemical Active Control of Terahertz Transmission in Conductive-Polymer-Nanoresonator Hybrid Devices.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 40905467.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c03249.
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Abstract
Active manipulation of terahertz (THz) waves is important for future optoelectronic applications, but most approaches rely on volatile or slow actuation, limiting efficiency and stability. Here, we report a nonvolatile, low-voltage tunable THz transmission device based on electrochemical modulation of a conductive polymer thin film integrated with metallic nanoresonators. A thin film of PEDOT:PSS, deposited via a single-step spin-coating process onto the nanoresonator array, enables efficient modulation of resonance-enhanced THz transmission with a gate voltage of less than 1 V. Our approach achieves reversible and stable switching without any film removal or structural alteration. Resonance-enhanced local fields increase modulation depth to ∼58%, over three times that of the polymer film alone. Furthermore, the electrochemical doping state is retained for a week without continuous power, suggesting memory functionality. Our findings lay the groundwork for the development of next-generation THz metasurfaces, smart modulators, and energy-efficient switching devices.