Chiral spin constrained assemblies for polarized optical mapping.

Abstract

Optical-enabled identification and interaction provide an integral link between the digital and physical realms. However, nowadays optic-encodings, predominantly reliant on light's intensity and wavelength, are hindered by environmental light interference and limited information capacity. The introduction of unusual polarization states, such as circular polarization-which is absent from ordinary surroundings-holds promise for higher-dimensional interaction. Here, we propose a circularly polarized optical mapper capable of generating high-entropy, noise-resistant keys, serving as a physical interface for unique interaction process between parties. To materialize this mapper, we developed an automated, in situ synthesis platform that facilitates the self-acting fabrication of robust, solid-state, chiral optical spin constrained assemblies. Our mappers, formed by randomized arrays of discrete assemblies, demonstrate near-theoretical performance in uniformity (0.4917), uniqueness (0.4968), and reliability (0.9355). By emitting high-dimensional spin-polarized light, our mappers enable both far-field readout and near-field authentication, with resistance to stray light interference, offering promising applications in the internet of things, augmented reality, and beyond.