Utilizing the Human Animal Bond to Promote Preventive Care Engagement in Underserved Communities: A Descriptive Study of 2 U.S. One Health Clinics.

Abstract

The purpose of this descriptive study was to strengthen understanding of the human-animal bond and the impact of One Health Clinics (OHCs) on the communities they serve. We aimed to assess how joint access to veterinary care and human health services enables community members to engage with healthcare for themselves. Individuals attending 2 OHCs in the United States were surveyed to gain insight into reasons for attending OHCs, attitudes on the human-animal bond, healthcare access and utilization, and pet owner satisfaction and trust toward medical and veterinary professionals. Both clinics operated in areas with limited medical and veterinary healthcare access, but varied in clinic structure and availability of human healthcare volunteers. A total of 175 surveys were analyzed. Most participants attended primarily for veterinary services (Clinic A: 91%, Clinic B: 75%). However, a significantly higher proportion of Clinic B participants received health screenings (91% vs 32%, <i>P</i> < .0001), learned new health information (48% vs 31%, <i>P</i> = .0129), and were provided with follow-up health resources (84% vs 51%, <i>P</i> = .000007). Across both sites, the majority expressed high trust in medical and veterinary providers (Clinic A: 84%-95%, Clinic B: 90%-98%) and reported high satisfaction with the care received. Most participants considered their pets vital family members (Clinic A: 81%, Clinic B: 93%), and many credited their pets with supporting physical activity and reducing feelings of depression and loneliness. Importantly, a majority of respondents at both clinics indicated they were more likely to seek healthcare for themselves if veterinary services were also available (Clinic A: 56%, Clinic B: 72%). These findings suggest that OHCs have the potential to enhance access to human healthcare in underserved communities by utilizing veterinary services as a point of engagement. Participants reported a strong bond with their pet. Based on reported levels of trust and satisfaction, the OHC model may help strengthen relationships between underserved communities and human healthcare and veterinary professionals.