An evaluation of the tumor microenvironment through CALR, IL1R1, IFNB1, and IFNG to assess prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer patients.
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 40928500.
- Also identified by DOI 10.7554/eLife.95326 and PMC identifier 12422728.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a type of cell death sparking adaptive immune responses that can reshape the tumor microenvironment. Exploring key ICD-related genes in bladder cancer (BLCA) could enhance personalized treatment. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) BLCA patients were divided into two ICD subtypes: ICD-high and ICD-low. High ICD expression linked to increased immune cell infiltration and longer survival, but with potentially suppressed immune function. The high ICD group responded better to PD1-targeted therapy. A risk-scoring model with four ICD-related genes (CALR, IL1R1, IFNB1, IFNG) was validated across TCGA, GEO datasets, and tissue samples, showing higher risk score correlated with weaker anti-tumor immune function, more tumor-promoting elements, lower immunotherapy response rates, and shorter patient survival. This study connects ICD-related genes to BLCA prognosis and immune infiltration, offering a vital tool for personalized treatment guidance.
Medical subject headings
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
- Tumor Microenvironment
- Immunotherapy
- Interferon-gamma
- Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I
- Calreticulin