Predicting Heat-Induced Physiological Strain and Dehydration Among Male Agricultural Workers in Eastern India: Implications of Climate Change.

Abstract

This study appraised hourly physiological strain and dehydration risk among male agricultural workers during summer paddy harvesting in eastern India and examined associations with wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and individual-level risk factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 adult males using purposive sampling over 40 days (April to June 2024) in West Bengal. Hourly WBGT, heart rate, and aural canal temperature were recorded to calculate the physiological strain index (PSI). Hydration status was assessed using urine specific gravity. Multiple linear regression identified PSI predictors. WBGT steadily predicted PSI; age amplified strain, and work experience showed protection across all five hours ( P < 0.001). Dehydration amplified from 16.5% to 33% ( P < 0.001), and excessive sweating doubled the risk. Prolonged occupational heat exposure augments physiological strain and dehydration, emphasizing the need for urgent heat mitigation approaches in agricultural workforces.