Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding scars in patients who had orthopaedic surgery: a cross-sectional study in China.

Abstract

This study aims to describe the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding surgical scars among patients who had postorthopaedic surgery, and to explore correlations between these factors. A multicentre, cross-sectional, observational study. Conducted across multiple secondary/tertiary care hospitals between July and September 2024. Of 816 enrolled participants undergoing orthopaedic surgery, 54.5% were male, 43.6% were aged 31-45 years, 73.9% were urban dwellers, 31.2% had a bachelor's degree and 65.4% were married. None (questionnaire-based assessment). Primary outcomes were KAP scores (knowledge: 0-22; attitude: 9-45 and practice: 7-35), analysed via correlation and regression. Mean scores: knowledge (12.5±6.9), attitude (27.6±3.3) and practice (28.2±6.5). Knowledge was negatively correlated with attitude (r=-0.24, p<0.001) but positively with practice (r=0.73, p<0.001). Attitude negatively influenced practice (r=-0.19, p<0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that knowledge was negatively associated with attitude (OR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.90 to 0.96) but positively with practice (OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.19 to 1.30), while attitude was negatively associated with practice (OR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.87 to 0.999). Structural equation modelling confirmed that knowledge directly positively influenced attitude (β=21.6) and practice (β=43.3), with attitude positively impacting practice (β=7.9) (p<0.001 for all). Patients who had postorthopaedic surgery demonstrated poor scar-related knowledge and negative attitudes but proactive practices. Greater knowledge correlated with better practice, suggesting targeted education could optimise scar management. Further research should explore causal relationships and the efficacy of interventions.