Confined Dynamic and Static Disorder Realized by Entropy Engineering, a New Path to Excellent High Temperature Energy Storage Performance.

Abstract

Polymer-based capacitors are essential in modern electronics, yet their energy storage performance declines significantly at high temperatures, limiting extreme-condition applications. Extensive research has been conducted to address this challenge. Since ideal dielectrics are insulators, existing models often empirically summarize conductive behaviors based on inorganic materials. However, the complex aggregated structures of polymers make accurately describing their conduction particularly difficult. This review consolidates previous findings and proposes a novel research paradigm centered on the internal order degree of the polymer system. Grounded in thermodynamic principles and experimental studies on polymer conduction, this framework offers a fresh perspective for understanding the nonlinear conductive behavior under high temperatures and electric fields. It provides critical insights for designing advanced polymer-based capacitors with superior high-temperature performance.