Point-of-care ultrasound for undifferentiated and musculoskeletal presentations in UK primary care: a scoping review protocol.

Abstract

Point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) is increasingly used internationally yet remains emergent in UK primary care. While momentum is growing, variation in application and infrastructure persists. Undifferentiated and musculoskeletal (MSK) symptoms, common and diagnostically complex in general practice, may particularly benefit from PoCUS. International evidence suggests PoCUS improves diagnostic accuracy, reduces referrals to specialist care and enhances patient satisfaction. However, UK-specific evidence on PoCUS use, clinician training, governance, and implementation is sparse. With national priorities shifting towards community-based, technology-enabled care, understanding current PoCUS use is increasingly important. To systematically map the current use of PoCUS in UK primary care for undifferentiated and MSK presentations, identifying clinical applications, user profiles, implementation contexts, and gaps in the literature. A scoping review of peer-reviewed and grey literature pertaining to UK primary and community care settings, including general practice, urgent care, community diagnostic hubs, and related contexts. Following the JBI (formerly known as Joanna Briggs Institute) framework and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, comprehensive searches will be conducted across MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and relevant grey literature sources. Eligible studies include those involving healthcare professionals using PoCUS in adult UK primary care. Data will be charted, synthesised descriptively and thematically, and findings presented narratively with visual mapping. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of PoCUS use in UK primary care, highlighting how and where it is applied, by whom, and to what effect. The findings will offer practical insights to support implementation and shape future research and service development.