Differential Odds of COVID-19 Infection Associated With Household and Workplace Exposures in US Health Care Personnel.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate associations between occupational and nonoccupational COVID-19 exposures, household characteristics, and COVID-19 infection risk among health care personnel (HCP). This is a nested analysis of HCP enrolled in a multisite vaccine effectiveness study. COVID-19 infection was confirmed through source documentation. Exposures and household characteristics were self-reported. HCP with household COVID-19 exposure had significantly higher infection odds, while workplace exposure was associated with decreased odds of infection. No associations were observed for community exposures, living with children, or living with unvaccinated household members. Household exposure posed greater COVID-19 risk to HCP unlike exposures in the workplace. Combined with demonstrated vaccine effectiveness, these findings suggest that workplace infection control measures were successful, while interventions targeting household transmission may be critical for protecting HCP.