Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding labour pain and analgesia among male relatives of pregnant women: a cross-sectional study in a maternal hospital in eastern China.

Abstract

To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of male relatives of pregnant women regarding labour pain and analgesia. A cross-sectional study. Conducted at a maternal hospital in eastern China from 28 December 2023, to 3 April 2024. Male relatives who accompanied pregnant women during antenatal registration visits. Primary outcome: KAP levels. demographic and social factors associated with KAP. Among 547 invited participants, 533 responded (response rate: 97.4%). Of these, 94.1% were spouses. Median KAP scores were 5.00, 30.00 and 21.00. Most participants lacked knowledge about labour analgesia and had safety concerns. Structural equation modelling showed knowledge had a direct effect on attitude (β=0.577, 95% CI 0.483 to 0.671) and an indirect effect on practice via attitude (β=0.602, 95% CI 0.463 to 0.740). Multivariate analysis identified associations between knowledge and education (OR=3.705, 95% CI 2.136 to 6.425), religious belief (OR=0.268, 95% CI 0.095 to 0.756) and delivery cost awareness (OR=0.175, 95% CI 0.045 to 0.675). Knowledge (OR=1.076, 95% CI 1.016 to 1.139) and attitude (OR=1.457, 95% CI 1.337 to 1.588) predicted practice. Male relatives showed limited knowledge, overall negative attitudes, but also showed compassion and concern, and insufficient practice and inadequate practices regarding labour pain and analgesia. Educational strategies targeting male relatives are needed to improve perinatal support.