Potential Health Risks of Artificial Sweeteners.

Abstract

Artificial sweeteners are widely used worldwide, yet their potential health effects remain a topic of debate. Recent studies suggest that artificial sweeteners, both nutritive and nonnutritive, may stimulate appetite, leading to increased caloric intake, a higher body mass index, and a greater risk of obesity. These metabolic changes are associated with an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, emerging preclinical evidence indicates that artificial sweeteners may influence cancer biology, potentially affecting tumor progression. This review examines the impact of artificial sweeteners on metabolic health, cardiovascular risk, and carcinogenesis, emphasizing the need for further research to clarify their long-term safety and health implications.