Flexible perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with 33.6% efficiency.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 41214349.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41586-025-09849-4.
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Abstract
Flexible solar cells have a transformative potential for niche applications, but they face fundamental challenges in simultaneously achieving high-power conversion efficiency (PCE), extreme mechanical resilience and operational stability<sup>1-4</sup>. Here we demonstrate a certified 33.6%-efficient flexible perovskite/crystalline silicon (c-Si) tandem solar cell with a record open-circuit voltage (V<sub>oc</sub>) of 2.015 V, rivalling its rigid counterpart. The flexible tandem retains 91% of its initial PCE after 5,000 cycles under a bending radius (R<sub>b</sub>) of 17.6 mm and demonstrates exceptional operational and damp-heat stability, featuring a T<sub>80</sub> lifetime exceeding 2,000 h under continuous illumination and retaining 90% of its initial PCE after a 1,000 h damp-heat test. This advancement is enabled by the implementation of the reactive-plasma-deposited (RPD) cerium and hydrogen co-doped indium oxide (ICO:H) recombination layer that promotes self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) coverage and interfacial charge transfer, and in situ annealed zinc-doped indium oxide (IZO) front transparent electrode with markedly enhanced optoelectronic and mechanical properties.