Knowledge assessment of hepatitis C patients regarding their disease at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective study.

Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains a significant global health challenge, with notable gaps in patient knowledge contributing to underdiagnosis and stigmatization. In Saudi Arabia, despite a seroprevalence of 1.1-1.7%, awareness remains low, particularly among high-risk groups. This study assessed HCV knowledge among patients at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, to identify unmet educational needs and inform targeted interventions. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 132 adult HCV patients (response rate: 85.7%) attending outpatient clinics in 2013. Data were collected via a validated 30-item questionnaire administered through face-to-face interviews (70%) or telephone (30%). The tool evaluated socio-demographic factors and HCV knowledge domains (transmission, prevention, treatment, and complications). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20, with significance set at <i>P</i> < 0.05. Only 54% of participants answered HCV-related questions correctly, with a mean score of 15.1 ± 5.6 (out of 28). Married individuals and middle-aged participants (46-55 years) scored significantly higher (<i>P</i> = 0.002 and <i>P</i> = 0.04, respectively). Notably, 68% reported no physician counseling, and the internet was the primary information source (43%). No significant differences were observed by gender, nationality, or education level (*<i>P</i>* > 0.05). The study highlights critical gaps in HCV knowledge among KAUH patients, emphasizing the need for structured education programs, enhanced physician-patient communication, and verified digital health resources. Addressing these gaps is vital to achieving Saudi Arabia's HCV elimination goals under the 2030 Health Transformation Program.