Abrupt structural transition in exotic molybdenum isotopes unveils an isospin-symmetric island of inversion.

Ha, J; Recchia, F; Lenzi, S M; Iwasaki, H; Dao, D D; Nowacki, F; Revel, A; Aguilera, P et al. · Nat Commun · 2025

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Like electrons in atoms, protons and neutrons in nuclei occupy orbitals in a shell structure with energy gaps at magic numbers. Radioactive-beam experiments revealed the disappearance of magic numbers in some neutron-rich isotopes. In these nuclei, configurations involving particles excited across the shell gap gain correlation energy, becoming the ground state. Neutron-rich regions of the nuclear chart that exhibit this property are known as "Islands of Inversion". Here we present the lifetime measurement of the first 2<sup>+</sup> states in <sup>84</sup>Mo (N = Z) and <sup>86</sup>Mo (N = Z + 2) revealing an unexpected sharp structural change between them defining the edge of the region of deformation around <sup>80</sup>Zr. Similarly to the neutron-rich N = 40 Island of Inversion near <sup>64</sup>Cr where cross-shell excitations dominate, we identify this region as an Island of Inversion with symmetrical proton and neutron excitations that we term "Isospin-Symmetric Island of Inversion". Three-nucleon forces are suggested to drive Mo isotope structural changes.