Label-free in-line characterization of immune cell culture using quantitative phase imaging.

Serafini, Caroline E; Gorti, Viswanath; Casteleiro Costa, Paloma; Silva Trenkle, Aaron D; Kanwar, Bharat; Wang, Bryan; Wicker, Brian; Kippner, Linda E et al. · NPJ Regen Med · 2025

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Cell therapies, such as T cell immunotherapies, hold significant promise for treating complex diseases; however, their widespread adoption has been hindered by challenges related to monitoring cells during culture, which has affected their consistency, potency, and cost. Here, we present a compact, low-cost, label-free quantitative phase imaging (QPI) platform to enable continuous, non-destructive, in-line monitoring of T cell cultures within bioreactors. We further develop quantitative, image-based assays that accurately characterizes T cell culture viability and activation from over 50 independent donors-including therapeutically relevant CAR-T cells - while also preserving culture sterility and eliminating the need for disruptive sampling and endpoint assays. Our findings establish a QPI-pipeline for label-free, in-line cell monitoring and characterization which can significantly improve cell manufacturing processes.