Fluorinated sodiophilic interphase for high-rate and low-temperature initially anode-free sodium battery.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 41350256.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41467-025-66965-5 and PMC identifier 12783800.
- No licence information is recorded for this record.
- Because redistribution is not established, this page shows the abstract only. Follow the links below for the full text.
Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries are promising as next-generation energy storage batteries, while suffer from the limited energy density. Initially anode-free sodium batteries effectively alleviate this predicament, but they are primarily hindered by uneven plating/stripping behavior, especially at high rates and low temperatures. Herein, we propose a fluorinated sodiophilic interphase towards high-rate and low-temperature initially anode-free sodium batteries. Systemically comparison between various interphase reveals that Na-alloying-metal containing interphase with high Na adsorption energy and low lattice mismatch facilitates uniform spherical Na plating under high current densities. Besides that, the in-situ formed sodium fluoride strengthens the mechanical properties of the interphase and regulates Na deposition. The optimized BiF<sub>3</sub>-derived interphase enables stable Na plating/stripping for over 2800 hours with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.90%, high-rate capability at 20 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>, and low-temperature adaptability at -30 °C. Coupled with Na<sub>4</sub>Fe<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> positive electrode, initially anode-free full batteries deliver specific powers of 8257.5 W kg<sup>-1</sup> at 25 °C and 486.9 W kg<sup>-1</sup> at -30 °C (based on the mass of active materials). The assembled pouch-cell operate stably at a high rate of 7 C (1 C = 100 mA g<sup>-1</sup>). This work provides a strategic framework for advancing initially anode-free sodium battery technology.