Enhancing participation in regular sport clubs for children with a physical disability through a child-centred approach: a qualitative study.

Abstract

To investigate the experiences with a new child-centred approach to promote participation in local sport clubs for children with a physical disability. The approach was implemented through an outpatient clinic for sport advice and support (Esther Vergeer Foundation Clinic), embedded in all children's hospitals affiliated with University Medical Centres in the Netherlands. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 49 stakeholders: children (<i>n</i> = 9), their parents (<i>n</i> = 13), referring professionals (<i>n</i> = 8), sport club staff (<i>n</i> = 13), and Clinic counsellors (<i>n</i> = 6). Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and transcripts were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Stakeholders reported mainly positive experiences. Five major themes emerged: (1) an individualised approach, (2) guidance throughout the process, (3) building networks with hospitals and sport clubs, (4) added value of the Clinic support compared with earlier attempts, and (5) added value of participation in a regular sport club. Effective support requires three key elements: an individualised approach, structured guidance for children and parents, and strong networks linking hospitals and sport clubs. Stakeholders emphasised that the Clinic's added value lies in addressing all these factors simultaneously and in developing expertise to match children with suitable sport opportunities.