Prevalence of psychiatric disorders and their associated sociodemographic factors among the type II diabetes mellitus patients in Aligarh.

Abstract

Psychiatric disorders are common among people with diabetes but often go undiagnosed and untreated. Various factors increase the risk of mental disorders in diabetic patients. 1. To estimate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among adult patients with type II diabetes mellitus. 2. To identify sociodemographic factors associated with psychiatric comorbidity in the study population. The present cross-sectional study was conducted under the Department of Community Medicine, JNMC (2023-2024), among the 390 randomly selected type II diabetes mellitus patients. Study tools included a predesigned structured questionnaire for collecting data on sociodemographic factors. The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was used to screen psychiatric disorders, and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder 5 Text Revision (DSM-5 Level 1) was used to confirm different psychiatric disorders. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 20.0 software. For assessing the association of psychiatric disorders with sociodemographic factors, binary logistic regression was applied. Among 390 patients, 177 (45.4%) were males and 213 (54.6%) were females, with a mean age of 56.49 ± 12.49 years. Psychiatric disorders were present in 120 (30.8%) patients, among which depression (27.6%) and anxiety (23.5%) were most common. Psychiatric disorders were more common in patients above 70 years of age, females, living alone, illiterate, presently not working, belonging to the Muslim faith, patients residing in semiurban areas, patients belonging to a 3-generation family, and the upper socioeconomic class. Significant associations were found between the presence of psychiatric disorders and gender, marital status, educational status, and occupational status. Psychiatric comorbidity is common among patients with type 2 diabetes. Sociodemographic factors such as gender, marital status, level of education, and occupational status are important determinants of psychiatric comorbidity among diabetic patients.