Effectiveness of the newly designed WASH implementation strategy on WASH practices, diarrheal diseases, respiratory illness, and absenteeism among ashram school children.

Abstract

Poor WASH practices are associated with various infections such as diarrhea, worm infestations (STH), and skin diseases among children. WinS is involved in Sustainable Development Goals, where SDG-6 is to escalate safe WASH accessibility universally. However, implementation of WASH module in residential schools which are established for tribal community is rare. To study the effectiveness of the WASH implementation strategy on WASH practices, diarrheal diseases, respiratory infection, and absenteeism among students residing in ashram schools. This intervention study was conducted in eight ashram schools meant for adiwasi community of Wardha district. Four ashram schools were allocated randomly in each beneficiary and control arm. 471 students of IV-VI standard were divided into the beneficiary group (251) and control group (220). The WASH implementation model consisting of safe WASH practices was designed. Local engagement of school administration, teachers, and students as the WASH committee was the main approach for execution of the model. Interactive sessions, demonstration, video playing, and so on were the modes of delivery. Relative risk is assessed to compare the WASH practices, illness, and attendance. There was positive change in WASH practices among students attending the ashram schools of beneficiary than the compared group, except washing hands after using urinals, brushing, and bathing practices. The average risk of unhygienic practices is reduced up to the extent of 56%. There was a significant decrease in diarrhea, respiratory infection, and absenteeism up to the extent of 57%, 56%, and 65%, respectively, among students attending the ashram schools of beneficiary than comparison schools. This present model seems to be effective in improving the WASH practices and reducing the absenteeism, diarrhea, and respiratory illness among the beneficiary group. Such a strategy can be explored to other schools for wider coverage.