Smartphone Applications to Support Perinatal Mental Health.

Abstract

This narrative review examined the current landscape and evidence base of smartphone applications (apps) designed to support perinatal mental health. Using systematic search methods, we identified apps from the Apple App Store and Google Play Store between April 29 and May 11, 2025, using terms such as "maternal mental health," "perinatal mental health," "postpartum health," and "pregnant mental health." We included apps if they were marketed to perinatal individuals in the United States and aimed to improve mental health outcomes. For each app, we extracted key features (eg, mood tracking, psychoeducation, mindfulness exercises) and cross-referenced PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify any published or ongoing studies evaluating efficacy, classifying evidence using the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force grading system. Of 587 apps identified, 38 met inclusion criteria, but only three (8%) had peer-reviewed evidence: one with moderate-quality data (Grade B) and two with insufficient evidence (Grade I). Six apps (16%) had ongoing randomized controlled trials to determine efficacy. Collectively, these findings reveal that despite the rapid expansion of perinatal mental health apps, very few have undergone rigorous evaluation. This lack of evidence raises concerns about efficacy, safety, accountability, and value-based care. To ensure safe and effective mental health care delivery, efforts must prioritize the development of evidence-based digital perinatal mental health interventions and apply greater caution in marketing unproven tools directly to patients.