Interleukin-2 is a potent latency reversal agent in people with treated HIV-1.
case_series · Level IV
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 41417900.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/sciadv.aea4268 and PMC identifier 12716389.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
Eliciting HIV-1 expression from latently infected CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells allows these rare reservoir cells to become targets of the immune system and may also result in death of reservoir cells via virus-induced cytopathy. We asked whether administration of recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) to people with HIV-1 (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) would induce HIV-1 replication and activate cellular immunity. Nine men with ART-suppressed HIV-1 completed a single 4-day cycle of rIL-2 administration. Plasma HIV-1 RNA levels rose from <20 copies per milliliter at entry to a mean of 301 copies per milliliter at day 7 (an average increase of 0.82 log<sub>10</sub>; <i>P</i> = 0.008). In addition, we observed robust natural killer and T cell activation, with a modest increase in regulatory T cell-like cells. Thus, rIL-2 appears to be one of the most potent latency-reversing agents tested in PWH on ART.
Medical subject headings
- Interleukin-2
- HIV-1
- HIV Infections
- Virus Latency
- Anti-HIV Agents