A topological superconductor tuned by electronic correlations.

Lin, Haoran; Jacobs, Christopher L; Yan, Chenhui; Nolan, Gillian M; Berruto, Gabriele; Singleton, Patrick; Nguyen, Khanh Duy; Bai, Yunhe et al. · Nat Commun · 2025

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

A topological superconductor, characterized by either a chiral order parameter or a topological surface state in proximity to bulk superconductivity, is foundational to topological quantum computing. A key open challenge is whether electron-electron interactions can tune such topological superconducting phases. Here, we provide experimental signatures of a unique topological superconducting phase in competition with electronic correlations in 10-unit-cell thick FeTe<sub>x</sub>Se<sub>1-x</sub> films grown on SrTiO<sub>3</sub> substrates. When the Te content x exceeds 0.7, we observe a topological transition marked by the emergence of a superconducting surface state. Near the FeTe limit, the system undergoes another transition where the surface state disappears, and superconductivity is suppressed. Theory suggests that electron-electron interactions in the odd-parity xy<sup>-</sup> band drives this second topological transition. The flattening and eventual decoherence of d<sub>xy</sub>-derived bands track the superconducting dome, linking correlation effects directly to superconducting coherent transport. Our work establishes many-body electronic correlations as a sensitive knob for tuning topology and superconductivity, offering a pathway to engineer new topological phases in correlated materials.