Risk factors for running-related injuries among Chinese Marathon runners: A cross-sectional study.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of running-related injuries (RRIs) among Chinese marathon runners. A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted in China from January to December 2024, with 5668 marathon runners participating in full or half marathons. Data on demographics, training characteristics, and RRIs in the past six months were collected through validated questionnaires. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors of RRIs. The overall incidence of RRIs was 46.5%, with a higher prevalence in males compared to females (p < 0.01). The most frequently affected areas were the knee (29.6%), the toe (22.9%), and the ankle (19.4%).Multivariable analysis showed that increasing age (OR = 0.98), longer running experience (≥7 years: OR = 0.71), and lower training levels (Public L1: OR = 0.74, Public L2: OR = 0.66, Unclassified: OR = 0.53) were protective factors. Higher body mass index (BMI) (24 ≤ BMI < 28: OR = 1.49; ≥28: OR = 1.67) and elite-level training were associated with increased injury risk. This study highlights a high burden of RRIs among Chinese marathon runners, with key modifiable risk factors including BMI and training intensity, while age and running experience offer protective effects.