Integrated hydrogel microneedle aptamer sensor for wearable insulin monitoring.

Garg, Mayank; Chupil, Stephen; L'Heureux-Hache, Jonathan; Lal, Rayhan A; Poudineh, Mahla; Soleymani, Leyla · Nat Rev Bioeng · 2025

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Abstract

Wearable biosensors can continuously monitor disease biomarkers, therapeutic drugs and health-related analytes to provide real-time diagnostic insights. The wearable biosensor Aptalyzer integrates hydrogel microneedles and an electrochemical aptamer-based biosensor to assess biomarkers in the skin interstitial fluid.