Scalable solution soaking quenching technique unlocks efficient and durable wide bandgap perovskite solar modules.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 41698911.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41467-026-69264-9 and PMC identifier 13022367.
- Licence recorded as CC BY-NC-ND.
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Abstract
Wide-bandgap mixed-halide perovskite photovoltaic modules show strong potential for portable chargers, building-integrated photovoltaics, agrivoltaics, and tandem systems, but large-area processing exacerbates crystallization heterogeneity, surface defects, and halide phase segregation. Conventional spin-coating passivation fails to deliver uniform interfacial control at scale. Here, an industrially inspired solution-soaking quenching technique is introduced, in which hot blade-coated wide-bandgap perovskite films ( ~ 30 cm<sup>2</sup>) are immersed in cold SrI<sub>2</sub>/isopropanol. It enables rapid surface reconstruction and uniform surface passivation, enhances photoluminescence uniformity, improves crystallinity, reduces roughness, and stabilizes halides via gradient Sr<sup>2+</sup> incorporation. These effects mitigate tensile stress, optimize energy-level alignment, and suppress light-induced phase separation. Methylammonium-free wide-bandgap small-area (0.04 cm<sup>2</sup>) devices achieve efficiencies up to 22.03%, while a 10.13 cm<sup>2</sup> module delivers 20.32% efficiency with excellent operational stability. The method is versatile across wide-bandgap perovskite compositions and enables practical applications including portable chargers, semitransparent modules (18.41% bifacial equivalent efficiency), and >27% efficient all-perovskite tandem windows.