Efficient methanol upcycling to ethylene glycol and glycolaldehyde via divergent C-C coupling synthesis.

Qi, Ming-Yu; Tan, Chang-Long; Tang, Zi-Rong; Conte, Marco; Sun, Yugang; Xu, Yi-Jun · Nat Commun · 2026

basic_science · Level V

Where this comes from

Abstract

Direct photocatalytic conversion of methanol into high-value multi-carbon chemicals through precisely controlled C - C coupling represents an extremely appealing but challenging goal. Herein, we demonstrate the efficient photoredox-driven dehydrocoupling of methanol into divergent synthesis of ethylene glycol and glycolaldehyde concomitantly with H<sub>2</sub> production by structural regulation of atomically dispersed Ni species. We showcase distinctly different reaction pathway for divergent C - C coupling of methanol over two types of atomically dispersed Ni cocatalyst-decorated SiO quantum dots, namely those with single Ni atoms (Ni<sub>1</sub>-SiO/SiO<sub>2</sub>) and Ni clusters (Ni<sub>n</sub>-CdS/SiO<sub>2</sub>). The Ni<sub>1</sub>-CdS/SiO<sub>2</sub> generates ethylene glycol with 90% selectivity by a radical homo-coupling pathway, whereas the Ni<sub>n</sub>-CdS/SiO<sub>2</sub> achieves 96% selectivity towards glycolaldehyde by a radical addition-elimination pathway. This work not only offers a fascinating nonpetroleum route for the divergent C-C coupling synthesis of ethylene glycol and glycolaldehyde but also underscores the broad vista of modulating non-selective radicals toward selective transformation of methanol into multi-carbon products.