Predictors and clinical correlates of stent fracture after rapamycin-eluting vertebral artery stenting.

Abstract

To identify predictors of stent fracture following rapamycin-eluting stent implantation for symptomatic extracranial vertebral artery stenosis and to evaluate its clinical impact. A single-center retrospective study was conducted on 140 patients (147 stents) treated between January 2021 and January 2025. Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of stent fracture, while Kaplan-Meier analysis evaluated associations between stent fracture, in-stent restenosis, and target vessel stroke. During a median follow-up of 14 months (IQR 10-17.5), fracture occurred in 23 stents (15.6%). Longer stent length (HR 1.172, 95% CI 1.078 to 1.274, P<0.001) and vessel tortuosity (HR 3.415, 95% CI 1.285 to 9.076, P=0.014) were independent predictors of stent fracture. Stent fracture was not significantly associated with in-stent restenosis or target vessel stroke. Stent fracture after rapamycin-eluting vertebral artery stenting is associated with longer stent length and tortuous anatomy. In this cohort, no significant association was observed between stent fracture and mid-term in-stent restenosis or target vessel stroke.