BCIRT: Backscattering-corrected implicit representation tomography.

Abstract

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) A-scan backscattering signals provide depth-resolved textural information about internal structures. However, conventional OCT imaging is limited by refraction-induced distortion and speckle noise, hindering fine detail resolution. While multi-angle imaging systems alleviate these issues through incoherent compounding of backscattering signals, in vivo applications face challenges: limited angular coverage during surface scanning degrades backscatter intensity compounding quality, and the absence of angular information introduces artifacts in multi-view position-intensity alignment. Furthermore, excessive smoothing during speckle suppression obscures fine textures. Consequently, reconstructing ultra-fine structures from limited-angle, sparse-view measurements remains a critical challenge. To address this, we present Backscattering-Corrected Implicit Representation Tomography (BCIRT), a framework for reconstructing multi-angle low-coherence signals. We also develop a dedicated limited-angle imaging system for intraoperative BCIRT deployment. BCIRT formulates cross-view backscattering signals as a continuous function of spatial position, utilizing implicit neural representation (INR) for fitting. A physics-informed iterative mechanism inversely models ray propagation to determine corrected ray paths, enhancing the neural representation's robustness against distortions. Leveraging these corrected paths, we introduce a dual dynamic line mixer and a contrastive-guided discriminative deblurring module to achieve high-resolution microstructure reconstruction with reduced speckle noise. Extensive experiments on biological samples and surgical resected samples demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance, highlighting its potential for clinical applications and biomedical research.