Quasi-Chimney Electrode Boosts Hydrogen Evolution Reaction via Polarized Laplace Pressure.

Guo, Ziwei; Zhang, Chunhui; Zhao, Yuejing; Guo, Shihao; Han, Nana; Wu, Nan; Colin, Annie; Ning, Yuzhen et al. · Adv Mater · 2026

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

The effect of mass transfer on hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is significantly underestimated under high-current-density conditions. Here, we designed a quasi-chimney electrode by integrating 3D superaerophilic microchannels with superaerophobic Pt catalysts to elucidate the influence of mass transfer on HER. Upon encountering superaerophilic channels, hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) bubbles generated on Pt catalysts experience Laplace pressure polarization at the bubble/channel interface, which drives both surface and internal bubbles from the superaerophobic catalytic sites into the superaerophilic network, functioning as a micro-chimney for efficient bubble transport. In addition, the superaerophilic channels shorten the diffusion path of dissolved H<sub>2</sub> to the air/water interface, thereby reducing the dissolved H<sub>2</sub> concentration. This mass-transfer enhancement yields an exceptional HER performance (a record-low overpotential of about -30 mV at -100 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>, and a high current density of -2.93 A cm<sup>-2</sup> at -0.3 V vs RHE in H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (0.5 M) along with remarkable durability, confirmed by <5% activity decay at -1000 and -2000 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> for 160 h. The proposed quasi-chimney design, which is also applicable to various catalysts, results in an 8- and 14-times increase in current density for Cu-Co and Cu-Mo catalysts, at an overpotential of -500 mV compared with their superaerophobic electrode structures.