Re-entrant unconventional superconductivity induced by rare-earth substitution in Nd<sub>1-x</sub>Eu<sub>x</sub>NiO<sub>2</sub> thin films.

Vu, Dung; Lee, Hangoo; Nicoletti, Daniele; Wei, Wenzheng; Jin, Zheting; Chichinadze, Dmitry V; Buzzi, Michele; Li, Wenxin et al. · Nat Commun · 2026

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

High temperature superconductivity is typically associated with strong coupling and a large superconducting gap, yet these characteristics have not been demonstrated in the nickelates. Here, we provide experimental evidence that Eu substitution in the spacer layer of Nd<sub>1-x</sub>Eu<sub>x</sub>NiO<sub>2</sub> (NENO) thin films enhances the superconducting gap, driving the system toward a strong-coupling regime. This is accompanied by a magnetic-exchange-driven magnetic-field-enhanced superconductivity. We investigate the upper critical magnetic field, H<sub>c2</sub>, and the superconducting gap of superconducting NENO thin films with x = 0.2 to 0.35. Magnetoresistance measurements reveal magnetic-field-enhanced superconductivity in NENO films. We interpret this phenomenon as a result of an interaction between magnetic Eu ions and superconducting states in the Ni d<sub>x2-y2</sub> orbital. The upper critical magnetic field strongly violates the weak-coupling Pauli limit. Infrared spectroscopy confirms a large gap-to-T<sub>c</sub> ratio <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>2</mn> <mi>Δ</mi> <mo>/</mo> <msub><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow> <mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow> </msub> <msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow> <mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow> </msub> <mo>≃</mo> <mn>5</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mn>6</mn></math> , indicating a stronger coupling pairing mechanism in NENO relative to the Sr-doped NdNiO<sub>2</sub>. The substitution of Eu in the rare-earth layer causes pronounced modifications of the superconducting gap and magnetic interactions in Nd-based nickelates, opening new pathways to engineer high-T<sub>c</sub> superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelates.