Organ-on-a-Chip Devices to Simulate the Dentin-Pulp Complex: A Qualitative Systematic Review.

Abstract

To analyze the development and application of microfluidic devices representative of the dentin-pulp complex. A systematic literature search was conducted on electronic databases. The inclusion criteria were in vitro studies aimed at developing and/or using microfluidic devices that mimic the dentin-pulp interface. The aspects analyzed included device design, fabrication methods, interface and channel characteristics, culture methods, main outcomes and measurement techniques. The risk of bias was assessed via the QUIN tool. Five studies were included. Significant variability was observed in device design, construction, channels, and interface characteristics. Only one study incorporated dynamic fluid flow, whereas the others relied on static culture conditions. The main outcomes measured included cell viability, odontoblastic morphology and metabolic activity. This systematic review identified limited research on microfluidic devices that replicate the dentin-pulp complex with high variability in terms of fabrication, design, and materials. Most studies have used static cultures despite the benefits of dynamic flow. Additionally, studies lack detailed information on critical device characteristics. Future research should integrate dynamic features, and comprehensive reporting to improve reproducibility and develop physiologically relevant models.