A transdiagnostic model for how general purpose AI chatbots can perpetuate OCD and anxiety disorders.
expert_opinion · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 41826639.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41746-026-02531-7.
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Abstract
Millions are turning to general-purpose AI chatbots for psychological support, potentially reinforcing symptoms such as intolerance of uncertainty, "need to know" compulsions, and perfectionism. Clinical observation and emerging research suggest chatbot features exacerbate transdiagnostic avoidance-a process integral to OCD and anxiety-perpetuating maladaptive cycles and hindering corrective learning. We propose a framework in which avoidance is reinforced through repeated chatbot interactions, and outline strategies for clinicians, users, developers, and policymakers to support healthier engagement.