pH-regulating Lipiodol Pickering emulsions enhance transarterial embolization therapy via inducing ferroptosis and activating antitumor immunity.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 41850231.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102662 and PMC identifier 13006419.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) faces limitations in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to suboptimal drug pharmacokinetics and immunosuppression post-embolization. This study develops iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) with pH-responsive Fenton activity as surfactants for a Lipiodol Pickering emulsion (LPE) to deliver cariporide, targeting tumor acidity. Cariporide inhibits plasma membrane sodium-hydrogen exchangers, reducing intracellular pH to amplify FeNP-induced ferroptosis while suppressing extracellular acidosis by blocking proton extrusion. The cariporide-loaded FeNP-LPE (CFe-LPE) promotes immunogenic cell death and reverses immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments by alleviating acidity. In multiple orthotopic HCC models, CFe-LPE-based transarterial embolization outperforms conventional doxorubicin-Lipiodol TACE, demonstrating that dual modulation of intra/extracellular pH enhances Fenton-catalytic embolic agents by synergistically activating antitumor immunity.
Medical subject headings
- Ferroptosis
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
- Liver Neoplasms
- Ethiodized Oil
- Chemoembolization, Therapeutic