Do sociodemographic variables influence sexual dysfunction in young people with type 1 diabetes? A quantitative study in Poland.

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the impact of type 1 diabetes (T1D) on the sexual functioning of young women and men, concerning demographic and social factors. Cross-sectional quantitative survey study. Online survey distributed via internet forums for people with T1D in Poland (March 2021). 344 individuals completed the survey; 329 sexually active participants were included in the analyses (15 excluded due to sexual inactivity), of whom 177 had T1D (aged 20-60 years; mean age 31.31±7.40) and 152 were healthy controls (mean age 35.43±7.46). Sexual functioning was assessed using the CSFQ-14 (Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire), available in female and male versions. Additional author-designed questions were included to enhance understanding of the problem. 34.4% of men and 28.4% of women with T1D reported sexual dysfunctions. Women with T1D showed significantly lower overall sexual functioning compared with controls (mean difference: -4.09 points, 95% CI (-6.29 to -1.90), Cohen's d=-0.54). Men with T1D demonstrated substantially greater impairment (mean difference: -11.15 points, 95% CI (-14.89 to -7.41), Cohen's d=-1.47). Among men with T1D, significant differences were found in the total CSFQ score (χ²=8.98, p=0.003, V=0.26) and the orgasm subscale (χ²=11.91, p<0.001, V=0.29). Among women, a significant difference was observed in the intensity of desire subscale (χ²=15.65, p<0.001, V=0.29). Age did not affect the frequency of sexual dysfunctions among people with T1D. Sexual dysfunction in young adults with T1D is more common than in healthy individuals. Men with T1D are more likely to report difficulty achieving orgasm and decreased desire for their partner, whereas women with T1D are more likely to report difficulty experiencing pleasure and lower levels of arousal.