Transient Interphase Assisted Crystallization of Antisolvent-Free Perovskite for Enhanced Device Performance.

Liu, Yongjun; Zhong, Caiyu; Cai, Haoyu; Shen, Wenjian; He, Biqi; Yao, Long; Liu, Guodong; Zhao, Juan et al. · Adv Mater · 2026

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Antisolvent-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a promising technology for scalable manufacturing. Due to a more complicated crystallization process, a key factor limiting device performance is phase segregation induced by the varying crystallization rates of the various components. Herein, we propose a transient interphase strategy to manipulate the nucleation process and crystal growth for enhanced device performance without an antisolvent. We found that tetramethylurea (TMU) induces instantaneous nucleation with a Cs-rich component and forms a transient interphase, which balances the integrated crystallization for the formation of α-Cs<sub>X</sub>FA<sub>1-X</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> phase. This approach enhances device performance with an efficiency up to 25.63% and a module efficiency of 19.62%. Crucially, suppressed phase segregation endows exceptional stability: devices show negligible degradation after 1700 h (ISOS-L-1) and retain 90% of their initial efficiency after 3500 h. It represents the longest reported MPPT stability for antisolvent-free Cs<sub>X</sub>FA<sub>1-X</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub>-based PSCs to date.