Sn catalyst reconstruction and microenvironment modulation for efficient amino acid electrosynthesis via C-N coupling.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 42014396.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1038/s41467-026-71694-4 and PMC identifier 13100173.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
The electrosynthesis of amino acids represents a fascinating and promising frontier in green chemistry, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional industrial processes such as the energy-intensive Strecker synthesis through the adoption of efficient, electricity-driven methods. Herein, Sn is identified as an effective catalyst for glycine electrosynthesis using concentrated nitric acid and oxalic acid as feedstocks, and we investigate the reaction mechanism at industrial-level current rate (1 A cm<sup>-2</sup>). In-situ characterization reveals that the Sn undergoes dynamic valence cycle and reconstructs into amorphous-Sn under acidic conditions. At high current, the change in local pH promotes the anionic states of oxalic acid and C-intermediates, which enhances the adsorption of key intermediates such as glyoxalic acid and acid oxime. This switches the mechanism from a chain reaction to an interfacial hydrogenation, thereby increasing the rate of glycine formation. By increasing the dominance of interfacial reaction versus the chain reaction, we achieve a glycine Faradaic efficiency of 93%, and industrial-level partial current density of 0.9 A cm<sup>-2</sup> in a flow cell.