Cost Drivers of Workers' Compensation Low Back Injury Claims in an Academic Health System, 2015-2024.

Sharip, Akbar; Kinney, Kimberly; Reis, Cesar; Guo, Andrew; Miller, Christina; Papanek, Paul · J Occup Environ Med · 2026

retrospective_cohort · Level III

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Abstract

Quantify costs, durations, incidence trends, and risk factors for WC lower-back injury claims in an academic health system. Observational review of 797 closed claims (2015-2024) evaluating demographics, occupation, mechanism, tenure, days away from work, and temporal trends. Mean cost $10,973 (median $3,294); mean duration 197 days (median 74). Top 5% of claims averaged $114,548 and 1,819 days, accounting for 52.1% of total costs. Nurses and patient care assistants were most affected; lifting and pushing/pulling were leading mechanisms. Higher costs were associated with longer duration, occupation, male sex, older age, and shorter tenure. Incidence declined 8.4% annually. OEM-managed claims had lower mean costs than externally managed claims ($9,701 vs $19,880). Lower-back WC claims show a substantial but declining burden; integrated OEM management was associated with lower costs.