Biomarker-Driven Management of Nonmetastatic GEJ Adenocarcinoma.

Ann Surg Oncol · 2026

other · Level V

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Advances in understanding the molecular landscape of gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma underscore the need for biomarker-driven treatment approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) Gastrointestinal (GI) Disease Site Working Group has developed practice guidelines for the biomarker-based management of nonmetastatic GEJ adenocarcinoma, with specific integration of microsatellite instability (MSI) status. RESULTS: Although multimodal therapy has improved outcomes, treatment strategies for GEJ adenocarcinoma remain largely stage-based rather than biomarker-directed. With emerging evidence supporting the prognostic and predictive roles of MSI-high (MSI-H), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and other novel targets, there is an urgent need for clear guidance on how to incorporate biomarkers into the management of resectable disease. CONCLUSIONS: These guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations to support precision oncology in GEJ cancer care.