Enabling Sodium-Ion Batteries Over 180 Wh/kg via Organic-Salt-Driven Sodium Replenishment.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 42157640.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1002/adma.73448.
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Abstract
Compensating for the substantial sodium ion deficit inherent in P2-type layered sodium metal oxide cathodes represents a promising strategy for advancing high-performance sodium-ion batteries. However, current approaches still fail to reconcile the trade-off between pre-sodiation dosage and energy density. Herein, we introduce a soluble sodium compensator, sodium tetraphenylborate (NaBPh<sub>4</sub>), rationally discovered through a combined unsupervised and supervised machine-learning screening of boron‑centered anions, which can release sufficient sodium ions to replenish the entire sodium deficit of P2-type oxides. In P2-Na<sub>0.67</sub>Ni<sub>0.08</sub>Ti<sub>0.12</sub>Mn<sub>0.8</sub>O<sub>2</sub> || hard carbon full cells, this compensator endows the full cell with an ultra-long cycle life exceeding 3700 cycles, while a 5 Ah pouch cell achieves a remarkable energy density of 184 Wh kg<sup>-1</sup> at 0.1C. This work establishes a versatile strategy for addressing high sodium-deficiency systems, thereby expanding the research scope and practical application potential of sodium-ion full cells.