Severe cervical deformity due to neurofibromatosis type 1 treated by posterior spinal fusion using a multi-rod construct: a case report.

Abstract

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) has been associated with scoliosis, cervical deformity, and other spinal deformities. In progressive cases of NF-1-associated cervical deformity, surgical intervention may be required to prevent further deterioration. However, there remain no generally recognized guidelines on the surgical strategy for NF-1-related cervical deformity. A 39-year-old man with diagnosed NF-1 was airlifted to our hospital due to neck pain and bilateral upper extremity paralysis. X-rays and computed tomography (CT) revealed severe neck deformity, including anterior displacement of the C5 vertebral body. We performed laminectomy (C4-C6), posterior fixation (C2-T2), and autologous bone grafting using a pedicle screw construct with cobalt-chromium rods in addition to accessory rods for reinforcement. No surgery-related adverse events were recorded. Successful bone fusion was confirmed by X-rays and CT 2 years postoperatively, with no noticeable correction loss. In the reported case of severe cervical deformity attributed to NF-1, posterior spinal fusion using a multi-rod construct achieved favorable outcomes and may be considered a viable treatment option.