Organic Transistor with Dual-Heterojunctions Embedded Dielectric for Trimodal Self-Adaptation Vision.

Abstract

Biomimetic visual adaptation is crucial for machine vision to sustain robust perception over a wide luminance range. However, most existing adaptive optoelectronic devices rely on the joint regulation of external bias voltage and incident light intensity. Here, we present a trimodal organic active adaptation transistor (TM-OAAT) by integrating two bulk heterojunctions within the gate dielectric. This architecture enables synergistic modulation of photocapacitance enhancement and interfacial charge-trapping suppression. As a result, the device autonomously switches between scotopic, mesopic, and photopic vision modes without external gate bias modulation, covering a wide luminance range from moonlight to sunlight (10^-2-10⁶ cd m^-2). Imaging experiments and simulations demonstrate that the device effectively restores image features across all three adaptation modes, achieving recognition accuracy exceeding 97%. By achieving trimodal self-adaptation through illumination alone, this compact device provides a platform for low-power, wide-dynamic-range bio-inspired neuromorphic vision.