Low Post-Treatment Recurrence After a Shortened All-oral Regimen for Pulmonary Rifampicin- or Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Individuals without Prior Second-Line Drug Exposure in Kazakhstan.

Shen, Edmund; Algozhin, Yerkebulan; Trevisi, Letizia; LaHood, Allison; Algozhina, Elena; Arlyapova, Nataliya; Seung, Kwonjune Justin; Mitnick, Carole D et al. · Clin Infect Dis · 2026

prospective_cohort · Level II

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Abstract

We conducted a prospective cohort study of adults with pulmonary MDR/RR-TB in Kazakhstan treated with one of three all-oral, five-drug regimens. Individuals were followed microbiologically and clinically for up to 12 months post-treatment. Of 578 with favorable end-of-treatment outcomes, we observed only one incident case of recurrent TB (0.2%, 95%CI: 0.0-1.0%), suggesting excellent regimen durability under programmatic conditions.