Large-area, photo-programmable 2D semiconductors with chromic molecular functionalization.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 42384793.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/sciadv.aee1510.
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Abstract
Reconfigurable electronics expands device functionality and promises previously unknown computing paradigms, as the channel layer characteristics can be dynamically controlled. Two-dimensional semiconductors coupled with photo-responsive chromic molecules offer a compelling route as atomically thin channels are highly sensitive to molecular conformation changes. However, most demonstrations have been limited to microscale single-flake devices, limiting scalability and technological relevance. Here, we report an optically reconfigurable platform integrating centimeter-scale monolayer WS<sub>2</sub> and WSe<sub>2</sub> with an azobenzene (Azo) overlayer. Wavelength-selective trans-cis Azo photoisomerization generates a reversible interfacial dipole that serves as an optical gate, enabling precise and uniform modulation of both electron and hole densities (~2.5 × 10<sup>12</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup>) over large areas. This optical actuation further supports spatially programmable patterning of optoelectronic properties and delivers repeatable modulation across large transistor arrays. Together, these results establish a scalable smart materials platform for reconfigurable optoelectronics that is light-programmable.