Prevalence of hypertension in adults of primitive tribe of east Singhbhum district of Jharkhand: A community-based cross-sectional study.

Abstract

Hypertension is a major cause of premature death globally, with higher prevalence in certain cultural groups. This study aimed to estimate hypertension prevalence in a primitive tribe in East Singhbhum district, investigate associated epidemiological factors, estimate tobacco addiction prevalence, evaluate nutritional status using anthropometric measures, and raise awareness about hypertension and its negative effects from alcohol and tobacco use. This cross-sectional study was conducted among members of the primitive tribes of the East Singhbhum district block. A total of 397 participants aged ≥18 years were selected for this study. Selected anthropometric measures and blood pressure were obtained using standardized tools and methods. Statistical analyses, including frequency and Chi-squared tests, were used to evaluate the data. A low literacy rate was found in a study of 397 adults in Sabar, the majority of whom were female (54.3%) and resided in plateau and sub-hilly areas. Among the Sabar tribes, 4.3% had stage II disease, 15.6% had stage I disease, and 19.9% had hypertension. Age, sex, alcohol consumption, and tobacco use (both smoked and smokeless) were significantly associated with the risk of hypertension. The study found that smoking, drinking, and salt consumption are common risk factors for hypertension, affecting 19.9% of participants. Further epidemiological research is needed to understand hypertension causes in tribal populations. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial due to lack of knowledge and poor health infrastructure. Primary care doctors can help manage hypertension by recommending lifestyle changes and routine checkups.