Ballin' on a budget: A low-cost simulation model to enhance pediatric emergency diagnosis of testicular torsion.

Abstract

Timely recognition of testicular torsion is critical in preventing testicular loss. Simulation-based education remains underexplored for pediatric urologic emergencies. This study evaluates a low-cost torsion model designed to improve management of testicular torsion among pediatric providers. A testicular torsion model was developed by our pediatric simulation center and reviewed by a pediatric urologist. Materials included a memory foam ball as a normal testis, a Styrofoam ball as the torsed testis, modeling clay, plastic wrap, water-based lubricant, and a skin-colored balloon to replicate anatomic and tactile features. The total cost of materials was approximately $10. A clinical simulation involving a teenage male presenting with abdominal pain was created to teach the application of the Testicular Workup for Ischemia and Suspected Torsion score. Primary care residents participated in the simulation and debriefing session. To assess construct validity, learners applied the Testicular Workup for Ischemia and Suspected Torsion score to 4 clinical vignettes with accompanying testis models; scores were compared with urology residents. Simulation assessments were administered, and confidence and educational value were evaluated via postsimulation survey. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t tests. Eighteen pediatric residents participated. Knowledge scores rose from 51.7% (±11.5%) to 71.1% (±11.8%) postsimulation (P < .001). Postsimulation surveys indicated high satisfaction, with 100% agreeing or strongly agreeing that the training was a valuable learning experience. There was no statistically significant difference in Testicular Workup for Ischemia and Suspected Torsion scores between learners and urology residents. This simulation-based testicular torsion model significantly improved pediatric trainees' knowledge and diagnostic confidence, supporting its utility in teaching time-sensitive urologic emergencies.